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USS Cuttlefish (SS-171)
USS ''Cuttlefish'' (SC-5/SS-171), a and one of the "V-boats," was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for the cuttlefish. Her keel was laid down by Electric Boat Company in Groton, Connecticut. She was launched on 21 November 1933 sponsored by Mrs. B. S. Bullard, and commissioned on 8 June 1934, Lieutenant Commander Charles W. "Gin" Styer in command. ''Cuttlefish'' was the first submarine built entirely at Electric Boat's facility in Groton, Connecticut; construction of previous Electric Boat designs had been subcontracted to other shipyards, notably Fore River Shipbuilding of Quincy, Massachusetts. Four Peruvian R-class submarines had previously been finished in Groton, using material from cancelled S-boats salvaged from Fore River.〔〔Friedman, p. 193〕
==Design==
''Cuttlefish'' differed from her sister ''Cachalot'' (built by the Portsmouth Navy Yard) mainly in her innovative welded (vice riveted) construction. Wartime experience would later prove that welding was a sound technique.〔Blair, Clay, Jr. ''Silent Victory'' (Lippincott, 1975).〕〔Friedman, p. 193〕 Both were medium-sized submarines built under the tonnage limits of the London Naval Treaty of 1930. An extensive study was conducted to determine the optimum submarine size under the treaty restrictions, factoring in total force, endurance, and percentage of the force that could be maintained on station far from a base, as in a Pacific war scenario.〔Friedman, pp. 189-193〕 Despite the calculation process, size reduction had gone too far with the ''Cachalot''s, limiting their patrol endurance.〔 After three Pacific war patrols, ''Cuttlefish'' was relegated to training duties in September 1942, once numerous boats became available.〔Alden, p.39.〕
The as-built engine specifications were two BuEng-built, MAN-designed M9Vu 40/46 nine-cylinder〔Alden, p.211.〕 two-cycle direct drive main diesel engines, each,〔〔''U.S. Submarines Through 1945'' pp. 360〕 with one BuEng MAN〔Alden, p.210.〕 two-cycle auxiliary diesel engine,〔 driving a electrical generator.〔Friedman, p. 310〕 The auxiliary engine was for charging batteries or for increased surface speed via a diesel-electric system providing power to the main electric motors. As with most V-boats, the main engines proved troublesome, and were replaced in 1937-38 by two Winton GM 16-278 16-cylinder four-cycle diesels, each.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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